01/21/2025
What is Environmental Science?
The environmental sciences focus on the relationship between humanity and the environment. Combining knowledge from natural and social science, the primary goal is to address environmental issues and challenges such as pollution, global climate change and habitat destruction while promoting sustainability and conservation.
Pursuing an environmental science degree requires a strong foundation in biology, ecology, physics, chemistry and earth science coursework to understand environmental processes and systems. Some programs also draw from economics, business, political science or sociology. Environmental science majors may choose a specialty with more specific focus areas like energy, natural resources, sustainability or conservation.
Types of Environmental Science Degrees
There are several different types of environmental science degrees. Environmental science degrees come with different levels of study and specific focus areas.
- Associate degree: This two-year entry-level degree may provide foundational knowledge of biology, chemistry or environmental policy.
- Bachelor's degree: This four-year degree may offer a more comprehensive experience for environmental science majors to learn about environmental systems, ecology, pollution, global climate change and sustainable solutions.
- A bachelor of arts (BA) in environmental science explores social and natural sciences. Some core courses may include environmental law or public policy.
- A bachelor of science (BS) in environmental science explores the technical and more science-focused areas like ecological principles, environmental science research or general biology.
- Master’s degree: This degree may take up to two years to complete and allow students to specialize in a specific area of environmental science. Advanced coursework and research opportunities may be available in fields such as environmental engineering, environmental policy, global climate change, ecosystem management, environmental health or renewable energy systems.
- Doctorate degree: This program is typically 3-5 years and is highly-specialized and focused. Doctoral students usually conduct their own research in specific areas. Some specialties may include environmental toxicology, climate change science, environmental chemistry, conservation science or environmental economics.
What To Expect in an Environmental Science Academic Program
Environmental science degree programs provide a strong foundation in natural science, natural resources, physical sciences and social sciences. Students can expect to develop critical thinking, communication skills, research and problem-solving skills.
Many programs include hands-on learning experiences, such as laboratory techniques, fieldwork, and extensive research projects.
Career Paths and Job Prospects for Environmental Scientists
Environmental scientists can enter the workforce immediately or pursue higher education to conduct extensive research. Numerous career paths are available and may include environmental consulting, research, policy-making, and management.
Environmental science degrees are flexible and may open doors to many career opportunities, including environmental health and safety specialist, conservation land manager, soil and water conservationist, and park ranger for a national park service.
Common Coursework in Environmental Science
Core courses for an environmental science major pursuing a bachelor's degree may include core sciences that cover fundamental principles in:
- Chemistry
- Biology
- Physics
- Ecology
- Environmental science
- Soil Science
- Geology
- Mathematics
More specialized programs for an environmental science degree may offer opportunities for students to concentrate on specific skill sets to support future career goals.
- Aquatic biology
- Conservation biology
- Environmental justice
- Land use
- Natural resource management
Choosing an Environmental Science Program
When choosing to study environmental science, it's important to select a program that aligns with your interests, career goals and learning style.
Consider factors such as location, program accreditation, curriculum, faculty expertise and research opportunities. Search for programs that offer specializations or environmental science concentrations in areas that interest you, such as natural resources, environmental policy, or conservation.
Review the program’s reputation, alumni network and ranking in environmental science. Take the time to visit campuses, talk to faculty and current students, and explore the career opportunities available to graduates from each program.
Admission Requirements and Application Process
Standard admission requirements may vary for different colleges or universities, but could include:
- High school diploma or equivalent
- Academic transcripts
- Test scores such as ACT or SAT (if required)
- Letters of recommendation
- Personal statements
- Prerequisite courses
The application process for a traditional bachelor's degree in environmental science is similar to most other undergraduate or graduate programs.
- Research schools
- Meet the basic admission requirements
- Prepare application materials
- Submit your application
- Attend interviews
- Follow up on application
- Explore financial aid and scholarship options
- Review offers and select a program
Online Environmental Science Degree Options
Many institutions offer an environmental science degree online. These self-paced programs could provide the same quality education and learning resources as on-campus degrees but with the added convenience of studying from home. Explore our bachelor's degree in environmental science at APU.
Online programs often attract students from all over the world, with an opportunity to engage with peers from different cultures and perspectives. This is particularly valuable in a field like environmental science, which often requires global collaboration to address environmental issues.
The Benefits of an Accredited Environmental Science Program
Accreditation ensures that the program meets high academic standards, supporting students in their pursuit of quality education and professional development in the field. Here are some key benefits of enrolling in an accredited environmental science degree program:
- High-quality education with rigorous standards
- Qualified faculty members who may be experts in their field
- Enhanced career opportunities with licensing and certification
- Access to financial aid via institutional accreditation, for those who qualify
- Academic and professional recognition
- Comprehensive and relevant curriculum
- Research and internship opportunities
Common accreditation types for environmental science programs may include:
- National Environmental Health, Science and Protective Accreditation Council (EHAC)
- Commission on Accreditation of Health and Environmental Sciences (CAHES)
- Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) for related engineering programs
- Board Certified Environmental Scientist (BCES)
Pursuing a Graduate Degree in Environmental Science
Pursuing a master's degree in environmental science is a way to deepen understanding of the environment and contribute to solving critical global challenges. Whether the goal is to engage in cutting-edge research, shape policy, or manage sustainability programs, a master's degree could provide the knowledge, skills and connections to advance a career path.
Environmental science graduate programs specialize in areas such as wetlands, ocean studies, and industrial remediation. Students should choose a program that aligns with their career goals and interests.
Some specific degree types are:
- Master of Science in Environmental Science
- Master of Environmental Management
- Master of Environmental Policy
- Master of Sustainability
- Master of Public Health
Environmental Science as a Career
Environmental science is a dynamic field with a variety of potential career paths for people who are passionate about addressing environmental challenges. As the world faces pressing issues like climate change, pollution, resource depletion, and biodiversity loss, there may be growing opportunities for skilled environmental scientists. A career in this field allows environmental scientists to contribute to sustainable solutions, advocate for policy change, and make a tangible impact on the planet.
Common career paths include:
- Conservation and wildlife management
- Environmental health and safety
- Renewable energy and sustainability
- Environmental advocacy
- Environmental education and outreach
Pursuing Environmental Science in Higher Education
A degree in environmental science can lead to an exciting career path. The combination of coursework, field experience, and networking opportunities may equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary to tackle some of the world’s most pressing environmental challenges.
A bachelor's degree in environmental science may provide a strong foundation in natural and biological sciences, as well as critical thinking, research, and solving environmental problems.
